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Napolyon İslam’ın şampiyonu iken 

Bonapart, islam dinine karşı hoşgörülüydü. İmparatorun kişiliği üzerine yeni bir kitap bu meçhul hayranlığı vurguluyor. (Marc Fourny)

Bir akşam Napolyon Gourgaud’a şu ifadelerde bulundu ;

“Muhammed’in dinini daha çok seviyorum, bizimkinden daha az saçma”.

Napolyon

Napolyon’un İslam’a karşı beslediği hevesinin itirafı uzun bir süre eleştirildi, katolik dinine mensup olduğunu sürekli söylemesine rağmen – annesi çok dindardı ve St. Helena’da sürgün sırasında hala (messe) törenine katılıyordu. Dimitri Casali, Bonapart uzmanı, yeni kitabında belirttiği gibi, Napoléon sur le divan bölümünde “ama o her zaman İslam’a ilgi duymuştur” diyor.. Casali, Napolyon’un karışık psikolojisini derinlemesine inceliyordu ve ergenlik çağından beri Napolyon’un Kur’an okuduğunu hatırlatıyor, henüz 20 yaşındayken Muhammed (sav)’den ilham alarak kitap yazıyor Le Masque Prophète (Maske Peygamber), kavimleri deviren bir dindarın kaderini anlatıyor…

1798 yılının yaz aylarında, yönetim kurulu hükümeti Bonapart’ı Mısır’a  göndererek endişelenmişti çünkü artık Napolyon fethedeceği ülkenin dinini çok iyi biliyordu ve ona saygı duymakta iddialıydı. Daha sefere başlamadan, Bonapart askerlerini tenbih etti ve onlardan hoşgörü ile tolerans talep ederek şöyle diyordu;

“Birlikte yaşayacağımız toplum müslümandır. Nasıl ki hahamlara, piskoposlara anlayışlı ve saygılı olduysanız imamlarına da olunuz…”

İskenderiye’ye ilk adımını attığı anda Memlüklerin otoritesi altında yaşayan yerel halka güven vermeye çalıştı, onları müslüman olacağına inandırmıştı ve şöyle diyordu;

“Size derler ki dininizi yıkmaya geldim, inanmayın. Onlara söyleyin ki, haklarınızı geri vermek için, gaspçıları cezalandırmak için buradayım ve (…) ben Allah’a, peygamberine ve Kuran’ına saygı duyuyorum”

Ali Bonapart (Mısırlıların Napolyan’a verdiği isim)

Sultan Murat Bey’in Memluklarını bitirdikten sonra, hiç düşünmeden yerel despot kıyafetlerini giydiğini şöyle anlatıyor tarihçi Dimitri Casali;

“Özellikle Nil’in büyük bayramı için Ağustos 1798’de Napolyon şark(doğu) kostümü giymeye başlamıştı. Bu olay genelkurmayın çok hoşuna gitmişti, özellikle general Murat ve general Lannes çok eğlenmişlerdi. Millet ona “Sultan El-Kebir” (Büyük Sultan) lakabını verir, uzun bir süre bu lakapla kalır. Divan yönetim kurulu ise ona Ali-Bonapart ismini verdi. Kendisi de “Onurlu peygamberin çocuğu” ve “Allah’ın üstün kulu” lakaplarıyla adlandırılmak istiyordu. “

Yerel törenlere bağlılığı daha da ortaya çıkarmıştı çünkü Fransız general temmuz 1799’da şehadet getirerek yerel topluma, İslam dinine mensup olduğunu ilan ediyor;

“Allah’tan başka ilah yoktur ve Muhammed O’nun peygamberidir !” 

Bunu nasıl anlamak gerekir? Şehadet’in kabul olması için dürüst ve samimi olması gerekir,ama Bonapart için inançtan ziyade bir fırsatçılık olmuştur. Tarihçi Dimitri Casali bu durumu bu şekilde söze döküyor;

“Bukalemunların kralıydı, birlikteliğin şampiyonuydu.

O zaman biz Abukir savaşının arifesindeyiz, general Mısır’a saldıran Osmanlı güçleriyle yüzleşmek için yerel halkın toplanmaya ve güvenine fazlasıyla ihtiyaç duyuyor, böylelikle bu savaşı kolayca kazanabildi. İktidarı ele geçirmek için Fransa’ya döndüğünde, katoliklerin ona katılması için aynı hoşgörüyü göstererek, 1801’de Papa Pie VII ile (concordat) imzaladı ve devrimcilerin haraçlarından sonra yine Papa’nın katılımıyla Notre Dame’de kutsallaştırıldı.

Her zaman Papa’nın huzurundaydı ama ikincisi aforoz edildiğinde Papa’yı beş yıllığına hapse atmaktan çekinmeyecek biriydi. Bu da siyasetin her zaman dinden öncelikli olduğunu kanıtlıyor. Ona göre, bu sadece gücünü pekiştirmenin ve vatandaşların itaatini garanti altına almanın bir yoludur ve şöyle diyordu;

“Dinsiz bir toplum, pusulası olmayan bir gemi gibidir”.

Fransa Katolikti, Katolikliği tercih etmişti. Ama eğer hayal ettiği gibi Doğu ve Hindistan’ı fethetmiş olsaydı, tahtı sağlamlaştırmak için diğer tanrıları da kolayca sahiplenirdi ve fanatizmden kaçınırdı. Şöyle diyordu Napolyon;

“1800’de Hristiyanlığa geçerek Vendée savaşını bitirdim. Mısır’a da müslüman olarak girebildim. İtalya’da ise ultramontain olarak kazandım..Yahudi milleti yönetecek olsam, Süleyman mabedini yeniden yaptırırdım “

Herhalde daha açık olunamazdı

Orjinal metin: https://amp.lepoint.fr/2349219?__twitter_impression=true

NAPOLYON MÜSLÜMAN OLDU MU?

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